PROBLEMS OF UKRAINIAN-POLISH LANGUAGE INTERFERENCE

Abstract

The article examines language interference as a phenomenon that arises in conditions of bilingualism and means a violation of normativity due to close contact between two related languages. This process is most characteristic of border residents, communities that communicate in two languages, and active participants in intercultural communication. The aim of the work is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of Ukrainian-Polish linguistic interference in order to identify its characteristics, forms of manifestation, and consequences for both languages. Each level of Polish-Ukrainian linguistic interference is demonstrated, and it is found that lexical “interference is the most significant, while grammatical, syntactic, and stylistic interference, although not as obvious, causes significantly more “problems because it affects the deep mechanisms of language organization and has the greatest impact on the violation of language norms. It has been proven that close contact leads to the borrowing or mechanical transfer of Polish words into Ukrainian speech, the influence of Polish pronunciation changes Ukrainian, grammatical constructions are transferred from Polish to Ukrainian, Ukrainian word formation models change, Polish syntactic constructions are calqued, stylistic norms are transferred, etc.
Similarly, the influence of the Ukrainian language on Polish was analyzed and found to be as pronounced as that of Polish on Ukrainian. It was determined that this linguistic interference is most active during communication, which is why lexical manifestations are also most noticeable here, as words are easily influenced by external factors. It was found that Ukrainian concepts penetrate the Polish lexicon through the socio-cultural context, and at the phonetic level, the sociolinguistic nature of interference is decisive, which, although it does not change the Polish language, helps to construct recognizable language variants that make it easy to determine the origin of the communicator. A number of measures have been identified that will help to avoid most of the negative consequences of Polish-Ukrainian language interference and to preserve the integrity of the Ukrainian language, which, in turn, will transform language interference into an intellectual resource for flexible multicultural competence.